A building is a combination of planned and unplanned actions; it emerges from both intention and improvisation. This thesis proposes a structure that embrac- es the unplanned and informal dimensions of lived space within the context of formally designed architecture—a space where occupants actively shape their environments through use, modification, adaptation, and layering. In response to Vietnam’s rapid urbanization, it reimagines co-op housing as a resilient, com- munity-driven model that preserves local economies, fosters shared living, and sustains cultural practices within adaptable, open-ended spatial frameworks.
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